Rural migration
Immigration is to leave a person or group of people to move their place of residence to live in another place, so with the intention of staying in the new place for a long time, longer than a visit or travel. One of the main types of the phenomenon of rural migration that tear the fabric of family for many Arab societies and the Third World, The issue of immigration to the city a global issue, although the cities of the world vary in pressure of immigrants on them, and we thought a few years ago that our cities will be spared that problem, but in the past Last suffered from frequent arrivals, Cities receives every year large numbers of residents of the villages, so that the neighborhoods I grew up in the outskirts of town inhabited only by arrivals from the villages.
Types of immigration
1.hgerh internal
Is immigration, which are within the boundaries of the state regardless of the distance traveled by the immigrant, may be a transition from home to another within a single neighborhood or one city or another city or from rural to urban areas, or from populated areas to uninhabited areas of reconstruction, and internal migration in most of them are made in the context of relatively short distances, it causes what is:
1.-making nature:
Such as drought, desertification and loss of pasture and vegetation
2 making the human hand:
Conditions such as war, insecurity, political repression, deteriorating economic and living conditions.
Foreign 2.alhgerh: brain drain
Academics and scientists called Arabs Arab League to create a special office to study the factors that lead to \ "brain drain \", and to find a serious and effective ways to reduce this bleeding. He also called for the establishment of these private affairs ministries of expatriates in some Arab capitals.
The call came during a scientific conference hosted by the University of Ajman, in conjunction with a study prepared by the Gulf Centre for Strategic Studies in the United Arab Emirates, to indicate that the Arab states will incur losses amazing no less than 200 billion dollars a year, because of what is known as \ "Arab brain drain \" abroad .
He warned a report prepared by the Arab League finally the risk of the Arab brain drain to Western countries, considering this phenomenon as a disaster, as the estimated number of university scientists, doctors, engineers high caliber of Arabs in the West, including no less than 450 thousand.
Scientists have noted that Arab societies have become environments repellent competencies Scientific, which has led to the growing phenomenon of brain drain and drain Arabic abroad and study prepared by the Gulf Centre for Strategic Studies that about 5.4 percent of Arab students studying abroad do not return to their home countries and 34 percent of qualified doctors in Britain are Arabs, and that 75 percent of Arab scientific talent migrating go to three countries: the United States, Britain and Canada
Reasons for migration
Economic
Professional
Political
Injustice and persecution, including racial discrimination and ethnic cleansing.
Retirement (due to a migration of wealth, or to look for a cheaper place to live)
Emotional reasons (family reunification, for example).
Personal reasons (the love of another country, for example).
Results immigration
First, change the size of Sbobh:
Determined in opposite directions .ahdihama increase in the urban population of the receiving and the other in the declining number of rural residents. Migration and growth of civilization so different pattern for immigrants currently old style ... they were old unskilled laborers or domestic servants .. either currently understand the workers produce and specialize in Ahianna some works of art. It also resulted in the growth of vast urban cities lack of key services in general, the emergence of urban slums (huts), different population of the city at night from day, and delegates to the city's large numbers of residents of the neighboring areas to get their needs, increase unemployment and rates of delinquency, the phenomenon of urbanization false just a change in the residence without a change in customs, traditions and level Almaichhana Alexanan be variable from place to place to place and from hour to minute
Secondly, social outcomes:
1- spread of many crimes, the villagers to exercise their habit, which do not agree with urban life, the spread of shantytowns, which are hotbeds of corrupt and socially overstock immigrants in crowded neighborhoods lacking engineering planning
2 different gender composition, and the high proportion of females in the rural areas, there is a surplus of investments directed to the development of the countryside, especially in developing countries, and this helps to increase the failure and suffering from a lack of services
And to curb this scourge which Terq society must search for radical solutions to eradicate this phenomenon from its roots in the desert, for example, must: attention has to provide health and social services and the exploitation of environmental services in the establishment of local industries a small addition to improving the conditions of rural life and improve the style of the agricultural work following the scientific methods to increase production. As in the city must Altejev of centralized administration and lack of concentration, health services, cultural and recreational Add them to mitigate the concentration of universities and modern industries in the capital.
Conclusion:
Most of the migrants heading in our world to rich countries, particularly the countries of North America, Australia and the European Union. Due to their choice of these countries to their quest to find a job to help them improve their standard of living. However, the majority of them suffer from there are many difficulties in terms of integration into their new communities in the labor market there. Highlights of these difficulties between the low level of qualification compared to the level prevailing in the rich industrial countries. Further complicating matters phenomenon of overt and implicit discrimination against immigrants and their children because of the increase in unemployment in these countries.
ليست هناك تعليقات:
إرسال تعليق